The CARTAGENA Protocol on Biosafety under the Convention on Biological Diversity was finalized and adopted in Montreal, Canada on January 29, 2000 at the Meeting of the Parties to the Convention, with 170 members. and took effect from September 11, 2003. Vietnam became an official member of the Protocol from April 19, 2004. The Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment was assigned by the Government to be the National Focal Point. to this Protocol.

The Protocol establishes various mandatory commitments that all members must comply with, including Vietnam as a developing member. The most important commitments include the prior informed consent procedure and the procedure for genetically modified organisms used as food, feed or for processing (LMOs-FFP). In addition, other commitments related to the transport of genetically modified organisms or reporting of measures taken to implement the Protocol must also be included. Some specific obligations that need to be fulfilled when participating in the Protocol include:

– Advance Informed Agreement (AIA) procedure to ensure members can make informed decisions about importing genetically modified organisms into their national territory for direct release into the environment .

– Procedures for genetically modified organisms used as food, animal feed or for processing.

– Requirements for cross-border movement of genetically modified organisms. According to Article 18, members must take two types of measures for cross-border movement of genetically modified organisms.

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