Trang chủThe Department of Biodiversity Conservation is tasked with researching the policy of payment for ecosystem services…
(TN&MT) – In order to preserve and conserve precious genetic resources for a green and diverse Vietnam, the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, here the Department of Biodiversity Conservation is assigned the task of constantly learning Learn from advanced policies and mechanisms that have been applied by countries around the world and have been clearly effective. One of those policies is payments for ecosystem services. This is considered an effective policy to ensure sustainable financial resources for biodiversity conservation and improvement of community life.
A fair and civilized system
Payments for Ecosystems Services (PES), also known as payments for environmental services, is an economic tool used by those who benefit from ecosystem services to pay for those who benefit from ecosystem services. Participants maintain, protect and develop the functions of that ecosystem. In advanced countries like the United States, the concept of payments for ecosystem services (PES) was organized and researched earliest. As early as the mid-1980s, the U.S. Department of Agriculture implemented a “conservation maintenance program,” which paid farmers to plant perennial vegetation on environmentally sensitive land. Currently, the PES mechanism is applied successfully and effectively, creating a sustainable management mechanism for natural resources. In Central America and Mexico, the Program on Hydroenvironmental Services (PSA-H) is the largest PES program in Latin America. PSA-H focuses on conserving threatened natural forests to maintain water flows and quality. Mexico established the Mexican Forestry Fund in 2002, implementing PES from land use. The National Forestry Commission contracts with landowners for management to maintain watershed services. In Brazil, the Government announced an “Environmental Support Program” in which payments are used to promote the environmental sustainability of the Amazon region.
Right next to us, China has also amended and supplemented the Forest Law, regulating the forest ecological compensation system. Pilot implementation of the compensation system for the period 2001 – 2004. In 2004, the Forest Ecological Benefits Compensation Fund was established.
From models in other countries, it shows that watershed forest management and protection plays an important role in managing and protecting natural resources and biodiversity. Watershed forest protection services are accepted by most countries. Pilot application to create sustainable financial resources and share benefits for the community in biodiversity conservation.
Vietnam used to apply it step by step
Grasping the general trend and promoting the effectiveness and lessons learned by other countries, Vietnam has a number of legal documents that mention ecosystem services, in particular, ecosystem services. forest. Decision No. 380/TTg dated April 10, 2008 of the Prime Minister on policy, PES points will be piloted in the two provinces of Lam Dong and Son La with the following services: water source regulation, water restriction. erosion, sedimentation and tourism landscape. According to the Law on Biodiversity, financial regulations for biodiversity conservation and sustainable development refer to resources from PES. Up to now, a number of studies on forest value, economic evaluation of ecosystems… have been proposed and are being implemented. A number of projects to research, evaluate potential and pilot PES models in Vietnam are initially proposed to be implemented for 4 types of services: watershed protection; protect biodiversity; Ecotourism and carbon sequestration.
Research and implementation of PES policy in Vietnam is very necessary and urgent, in order to create more financial resources to support biodiversity conservation, contributing to promoting the economy of natural resources and environmental goods. . The Law on Biodiversity mentioned revenue sources from PES, the Prime Minister also issued Decision No. 380/TTg dated April 10, 2008 on the forest PES pilot policy. However, in addition to forest ecosystems, the potential for PES in Vietnam also includes wetland, marine, limestone ecosystems, etc. This is an interdisciplinary issue, so a national framework on PES is needed to ensure coordinate and avoid conflicts.
In addition, the Government needs to provide detailed instructions on the PES mechanism. It is necessary to soon develop a master plan for biodiversity conservation according to the provisions of the Law on Biodiversity; Identify ecological regions with PES potential and identify ecosystem services.
The Government prioritizes investment in building and implementing PES programs, projects, research topics and implementation; Build capacity and create sources of technical support from home and abroad. Initial support is necessary to create changes in land use methods in planning. PES is a relatively new concept in Vietnam, so it is necessary to educate and train to raise community awareness and attract active community participation because this is the key to success.
Source: Natural Resources and Environment Newspaper